Service Mesh — Notes
Build vs buy
- Istio — most features, biggest learning curve.
- Linkerd — simpler, Rust proxy, lower overhead.
- Consul Connect — ties into HashiCorp stack.
- AWS App Mesh / GCP Anthos / Azure ASM — managed flavours.
- Cilium Service Mesh — eBPF, sidecarless, newer.
Identity model
- SPIFFE / SPIRE issues short-lived X.509 certs or JWT-SVIDs per workload.
- Cert format
spiffe://td/ns/<ns>/sa/<serviceaccount> makes "is service A allowed to call B?" a string match.
What stays in the app
- Business logic, validation, domain errors.
- Retry semantics for non-idempotent business operations (mesh-level retry is for transport faults only).
- Authn of the end-user (mesh authz is for service identity).
Refs
- Istio docs + "Istio in Action".
- Linkerd 2 architecture posts.
- SPIFFE specification.
- "The Sidecar Pattern" — Bilgin Ibryam.